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The Platonic solids. Calling all HuffPost superfans! Sign up for membership to become a founding member and help shape HuffPost's next chapter. Join HuffPost. Voting Made Easy. Register now. Today is National Voter Registration Day! These elements form chemical compounds and mixtures , and under different temperatures and pressures, these substances can adopt different states of matter. The most commonly observed states of solid , liquid , gas , and plasma share many attributes with the classical elements of earth, water, air, and fire, respectively, but these states are due to similar behavior of different types of atoms at similar energy levels, and not due to containing a certain type of atom or a certain type of substance.
In Western thought, the four elements earth , water , air , and fire as proposed by Empedocles 5th century BC frequently occur. For instance, Thales suggested in the 7th century BCE that water was the ultimate underlying substance from which everything is derived; Anaximenes subsequently made a similar claim about air.
However, none before Empedocles proposed that matter could ultimately be composed of all four elements in different combinations of one another. In other Babylonian texts these phenomena are considered independent of their association with deities, [6] though they are not treated as the component elements of the universe, as later in Empedocles. The concept of the five elements formed a basis of analysis in both Hinduism and Buddhism.
This fifth element has been called akasha in India and quintessence in Europe. Similar lists existed in ancient China , Korea and Japan. In Buddhism the four great elements, to which two others are sometimes added, are not viewed as substances, but as categories of sensory experience. The five elements are associated with the five senses, and act as the gross medium for the experience of sensations. The next higher element, water, has no odor but can be heard, felt, seen and tasted.
Next comes fire, which can be heard, felt and seen. Air can be heard and felt. In early Buddhism, the four elements are a basis for understanding suffering and for liberating oneself from suffering. The four properties are cohesion water , solidity or inertia earth , expansion or vibration air and heat or energy content fire. The Chinese had a somewhat different series of elements, namely Fire, Earth, Metal literally gold , Water and Wood, which were understood as different types of energy in a state of constant interaction and flux with one another, rather than the Western notion of different kinds of material.
Historians of science have noted a fundamental difference between Greek element theories and Chinese matter theories. In view of the durability of meteoric iron, metal came to be associated with the aether , which is sometimes conflated with Stoic pneuma , as both terms originally referred to air the former being higher, brighter, more fiery or celestial and the latter being merely warmer, and thus vital or biogenetic.
In Taoism , qi functions similarly to pneuma in a prime matter a basic principle of energetic transformation that accounts for both biological and inanimate phenomena. In Chinese philosophy the universe consists of heaven and earth. Yin, Yang, and the five elements are associated with themes in the I Ching , the oldest of Chinese classical texts which describes an ancient system of cosmology and philosophy.
The five elements also play an important part in Chinese astrology and the Chinese form of geomancy known as Feng shui. Sicilian philosopher Empedocles ca.
In On the Heavens , Aristotle defines "element" in general:. An element, we take it, is a body into which other bodies may be analysed, present in them potentially or in actuality which of these, is still disputable , and not itself divisible into bodies different in form.
That, or something like it, is what all men in every case mean by element. Anne Bradstreet 52 on top poets. Search in the poems of Anne Bradstreet:. Autoplay next video. Rating Card The Four Elements. Comments about The Four Elements. Report Reply. Water is a feminine energy and highly connected with the aspects of the Goddess.
Used for healing, cleansing, and purification, Water is related to the west and associated with passion and emotion. In many spiritual paths, including Catholicism, consecrated water plays a role. Holy water is just regular water with salt added to it, and usually, a blessing or invocation is said above it.
In some Wiccan covens, such water is used to consecrate the circle and all the tools within it. As you may expect, water is associated with the color blue, and the tarot suit of cup cards. Spirit is a bridge between the physical and the spiritual. Do you have to work with the elements, at least within the classical context of earth, air, fire, and water?
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